describe how responses can be controlled by nervous or by hormonal communication and understand the differences between the two
Ways of connecting the coordinator to the effector:
1)
- -The yellow part on the left is the cell body and it is embedded inside the spine and it would connect to the effector (muscle)
- -The electrical impulse (nerve impulse) is carried along the nerve (orange structure) from the cell body to the synaptic knob where it connects to the muscle. (it can be up to a meter long)
- - In mammals the axon is surrounded but the "schwann cell", these contain a lot of fat and creates the "mylin sheath". This increases the speed of nerve conduction.
2)
- Endocrine system involves the endocrine gland which produces a chemical called a hormone (protein, steroids). eg: Adrenal gland
- The hormone is secreted into the blood (Adrenaline)
- It travels through the blood stream to the organ it affects called the target tissue.
- Hormones can have multiple targets (multiple effects)
Differences:
Nerves are fast and use electrical impulses.
Hormones are slow and use chemicals
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